O Level Islamic Studies by Ahsan Naqvi

The position of women as wives Sura Al Baqarah Ayat 187 says: “They (your wives) are your garments and you are their garments”. Sura Al Rum Ayat 21 says that Allah has created mates so that they may live in peace, love and mercy with each other.  A Hadith says: “The best among you is the one who is the best towards his wife”. Last Sermon of the Prophet (saw) says: “Wives have rights over their husbands and husbands have rights over their wives.Treat them well and be kind to them for they are your partners and committed helpers”. Wives are equal to their husbands and they are partners to their husbands in family life. Mehr, the amount committed by the husband at the time of marriage, should be given to the wife at the time of Nikah. Dowry, given by the parents of the bride, is the right of the wife. She can own her property and her earning. She will receive inheritance from her relatives. Expenditure of the house is the responsibility of the husband. The husb

Q         Describe three events from the time of the Prophet (sw) and the Rightly Guided Caliphs that show how they conducted relations between the early Muslim community and other communities.                                    [3 x 4-J-07] Q         Describe four incidents that show how between 622 and 661, the Prophet (saw) and the Rightly Guided Caliphs conducted relations with other states.                                                                                                                      [4x3-N-06] Q         Describe three examples from the time of the Prophet (saw) and the Rightly Guided Caliphs that show the relations between the early Muslim state and other states.                                                                                               [3x4-N-04] 1     The Prophet (saw) signed a treaty in 622 with the Jews of Madina. It was settled in the Treaty that Jews would have religious independence. Both the communities would defend Madi

Q         Explain what Mulims mean when they say they should be modest Towards: 1          God 2          Members of the opposite sex 3          Friends at school or work.                       [5+6+5-N-02][5+6+5-N-05] Modesty towards God: Faith in one God means acknowledging His authority and associating no partners with Him. Sura Al Fatihah says: “Only You we worship and only Your aid we seek”. A Muslim should follow His guidance as given in Quran and given by the Prophet Muhammad (saw). Prophet (sw) says: “Say, I believe in God, then act uprightly”. Modesty towards God demands to worship Him by performing obligatory prayers, following His law regarding other human being and believing that Allah is watching us all the time. A Hadith from Tirmizi says: “Practice modesty towards Allah as it ought to be practiced towards Him” Members of the opposite sex For women, they should not display their beauty and ornaments except what must appear. Sura Al Aaraaf say

Compilation of the Quran under the Rightly Guided Caliphs Q         Trace the main stages in the compilation of the Quran in the time of the Caliphs Abu bakr (ra) and Uthman (ra).                [2x5-N-06][12-N-03] Q         Give an account of how the Quran was compiled in the years following the Prophet’s death.                                                                         [10-J-10] Q         Write about the methods used to compile the Quran into a book after the death of the Prophet (sw).                                                   [10-N-14-2058/12] The work of Abu Bakr (ra) When Abu Bakr (ra) became the first Caliph of the Islamic Empire, he had to fight with the false prophets. In the fierce battle of Yamama, 70 companions of the Prophet who had the Quran in their memory were martyred. Until now, the holy Quran was in the scattered writing. Umar (ra) advised Abu Bakr (ra) to bring the Quran in the book form. First he hesitated because the Prophet had

The Revelation of Quran to the Prophet (saw) between 610-632 Q         Write an account of the ways in which the Quran was revealed to the Prophet (saw) between the years 610 and 632.                                           [10-N-09] In 610, the holy prophet (saw) was forty years old when the first revelation of Sura Al Alaq was brought to him by Jibreel (as) in the cave of Hira. Soon, he started receiving more revelations. For the first three years he preached those who were close to him. Khadija (ra), ten blessed companions and some other companions became Muslim during this time. After three years, he was commanded to preach openly. The pagans of Makkah opposed him. This continued for ten years and in 622 he migrated to Madina. The Suras revealed in Makkah are called Makki Suras. These Suras are short. They emphasize on believing in one Allah, not worshipping false gods. They emphasize in believing in the Hereafter and following the way of God in this world. The lang