O Level Islamic Studies by Ahsan Naqvi

Persecution of Muslims Q         Write an account of the major difficulties encountered by the Prophet (saw) and his followers in the years when they lived in Mecca. [12-J-03][8-J-98][10-N-00][6+6-J-07] Q         Describe the difficulties faced by the followers of the Prophet (saw) in Makkah.                                                                                              [10-J-11] Q         Describe the main difficulties encountered by the Prophet (saw) himself during his time in Makkah after his call to prophethood.  [10-N-10] Q         Describe the persecution faced by the first Muslims in Makkah. [10-N-12-2058/12] Prophet's Persecution (613-622) : After three years of silent preaching, the Prophet (saw) invited people to Islam openly. Prophet gave the message of Islam to Makkans at Safa hill. Makkans rejected him and Abu Lahab used insulting language ad rejected the invitation to Islam. Persecution started since that day. The wife of Abu Lahb, U

First revelation and the cave of Hira   Q          Give an account of the Prophet’s first experience of receiving revelation.                                                                                [10-N-04] Q         Give a brief description of Muhammad’s call to be Prophet. [8-J-99] Q         Give a brief description of the Prophet's experiences in caves.    [12-N-07][10-J-10] Q        Outline the Prophet’s experiences in the caves of Hira and Thawr. [10-N-14-2058/12]      (On the experience of the cave of Saur, see migration to Madina)   Q       Give an account of how the Quran was first revealed to the Prophet (sw). [10-J-14-2058/11]                                           Before the first revelation, Mohammad (sw) was a man of good nature. He always helped the poor and needy. He had never worshipped idols and always hated the common bad habits among Arabs When he was about forty years of age, he started meditating in the Cave of Hira because h

Life in Makkah-570-622 AD - his early life Q         Write about the life of the Prophet (saw) up until the first Revelation. [10-J-10] Q         Give an account of the Prophet’s life up to the time the revelations began. [10-Nov 14-2058/11] Mohammad (saw) was born in 571 AD in Makkah in the family of Banu Hashim of the tribe of Quresh. This year was also known as the year of elephants because in this year the king of Yemen, Abraha, attacked Makkah with the intention to destroy the holy Kaaba along with an army of elephants. He failed because Allah sent small birds with stones in their feet and beaks which destroyed the army. It was a very historic event in the history of Arabs. Quran reminds this event in Sura Al Feel (elephants). His father’s name was Abdullah and his mother was Amina. His grand-father was Abdul Muttalib who was a highly respected person of makkah. He had ten sons. Abdullah was the youngest son and a very handsome man. He married to Amina who was

Battle of Trench took place in 627, 5 th year of Hijra. The pagans attacked Madina because they wanted to eliminate Islam and to reopen the caravan route blocked by the Muslims. This time they were not alone. The other pagan tribes like Banu Bakr and the Jews of Khyber were also with them. They prepared a large army of more than ten thousand. When the Prophet (sw) came to know about this plan, he took advice from his companions. Salman Farsi (ra) advised the Prophet (saw) to dig a Trench around the three openings of Madina. The trench was prepared within twenty days before the attack. It was about five miles long, five meters wide and five meters deep. The Pagans’ army could not cross the trench and stopped. They stayed outside Madina for a month. During this time, they had internal differences. The expenditures were high and Arabs were not used to fight this kind of war of trenches. Finally Allah sent a wind storm and the united army of pagans and Jews ran away. The la

Events of the Battle of Uhad Battle of Uhad took place in 625, 3 rd year of Hijra. Its major reasons were the revenge of Badr and to open the blockade of the trade route to Syria. Since the day, the Quresh faced defeat in Badr, they started a major preparation for another battle in Makkah in which they invested a huge amount. Pagans of Makkah came to Madina with three thousand well equipped men. They stayed into a ground in front of the Uhad Mountain. The Prophet (saw) was in favour of defending and staying in the city but the young boys insisted on going out and fight. The Prophet (saw) took one thousand men with him. On his way to Uhad, three hundred hypocrites led by Abhullah Ibn Ubi deserted the army. Muslims were only seven hundred in front of three thousand well equipped Qurash. The Prophet (saw) placed 50 archers at an opening which was dangerous. The battle bagan and Allah fulfilled His promise and the Muslims won the battle. Pagans started running back to Makka

Events of Badr, Uhud and Ahzaab Q         Give descriptions of the main events of the battles of Badr and Uhad.      [12- N-03][12-J-06] Q         Describe the events of two of the battles fought by the Prophet (saw) while he was leader of the community at Madina.                              [10-J-09] Q         Write an account of the battle of Badr.        [10-N-13-2058/12] Battle of Badr took place in 624, the 2 nd year of Hijra. The immediate reason was the caravan of Abu Sufyan which was coming back from Syria. Quresh thought the Muslims were going to attack the Caravan. The Quresh were expecting this attack due to the background events which were taking place for many days. Abu Sufyan stopped the caravan on his way and sent a man to Makkah who gave the message that the caravan was attacked. Abu Jahl was ready with 1000 armed men and their intention was to eliminate Madina completely. Prophet (saw) took his people from Madina. They were 313 and poorly equipp

Prophet (Saw) in Madina 622-632 Events of the first year Q         Describe the events in Madina that immediately followed the Hijra, mentioning especially the Emigrants (Muhajrun) and helpers (Ansaar).                                                                                                                         [10-N-02] Q         Write about the brotherhood that developed between the new community of Muslims in Madina.                                                [10-N-13-2058/11] (Please choose the relevant part according to the need of the exam) In 622 , Mohammad (saw) arrived in Madina. He took the following important decisions immediately. Mosque of the Prophet (saw) was built immediately. The land was purchased from two orphans. Prophet (sw) and the companions took part in its building. In the beginning, it was a small mosque without any facilities. As soon as the mosque was ready, five times regular prayer and Juma prayer started at the mosque.